| EDITORIAL REVIEW |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 1
| Issue : 2 | Page : 71-94 |
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Intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography for the assessment of coronary artery disease and percutaneous coronary intervention optimization: The basics
Vijayakumar Subban1, Owen Christopher Raffel2, Nandhakumar Vasu1, Suma M Victor1, Mullasari Ajit Sankardas1
1 Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India
2 CardioVascular Clinics, St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Cardiology Program, The Prince Charles hospital, and University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Vijayakumar Subban
Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, 4A, Dr. J. Jayalalitha Nagar, Mogappair, Chennai 600037, Tamil Nadu
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/IHJI.IHJI_32_18
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Although coronary angiography is the standard method employed to assess the severity of coronary artery disease and to guide treatment strategies, it provides only two-dimensional image of the intravascular lesions. In contrast with the luminogram obtained by angiography, intravascular imaging produces cross-sectional images of the coronary arteries of far greater spatial resolution, capable of accurately determining vessel size as well as plaque morphology, and eliminates some of the disadvantages inherent to angiography, such as contrast streaming, foreshortening, vessel overlap, and angle dependency. Growing body of literature recommends intravascular imaging, especially intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography, which can be competently used to answer questions that arise during daily practice in interventional cardiology such as: Is this stenosis clinically relevant? Which is the culprit lesion? Is this plaque at high risk for rupture? How can I optimize stent results? Why did thrombosis or restenosis occur in this stent? Patients with more complex coronary disease likely benefit more from a revascularization approach that includes intravascular imaging. The aim of this review was to discuss the basic principles of intravascular imaging, characterization of atherosclerosis, optimization of angioplasty results and to identify technical challenges because of artefacts.
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